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Prevention thromboembolic disease in surgery
Konečná, Lenka ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis with the title "Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease" depicts a serious medical condition which may lead to death. Thromboembolic disease affects mostly patients after surgery. However, with proper prevention the risk of developing the disease decreases significantly. The main aim of the thesis is to find out who educates the patient and when (whether it is before or after the surgery). Furthermore, it focuses on nurses and their role in prevention of thromboembolic disease. It asks if nurses educate patients about the disease and the importance of prevention. In particular, it concentrates on the quality and quantity of patient education. It tries to find out whether nurses know what patient education in patients with this condition should include and whether they use any educational aids. In the empirical part of the thesis the author acquired data using a quantitative research method of a structured questionnaire. The survey included 128 respondents working in several intensive and non-intensive departments of the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital. A research survey showed that 83 (65.9%) nurses educate patients before surgery and there is no difference between length of practice and preoperative education on TEN prevention. Furthermore, 100 (78.7%) of the nurses check...
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Determination of platelet activation markers expression in the pathophysiology of thrombotic states
Řádek, Martin ; Kvasnička, Tomáš (advisor) ; Dulíček, Petr (referee) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
Background/Aims: Thrombophilia, ie an increased predisposition to venous and arterial thrombosis, is a complex disease caused by disorders of platelets and endothelial, among others. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been described as markers of endothelial damage and dysfunction, respectively as markers of its recovery in many diseases, including thrombotic complications. However, their significance in patients with known thrombophilia has not yet been investigated. Both CEC and EPC represent extremely rare cell populations found in peripheral blood. Therefore, it is essential to use exclusively standardized and sensitive methods for their identification and quantification. The aim of the study was to identify and quantify CEC and EPC in the peripheral blood of patients with congenital thrombophilia and to evaluate their importance as markers of endothelial and platelet activity in context with the risk of thrombosis occuring and recurrence. Methods: Analysis of the number of CEC and EPC in the peripheral blood of patients with thrombophilia with or without a history of thrombosis and patients with acute thrombosis was performed by multicolor flow cytometry. The CEC and EPC reference values were determined on a group of healthy controls. Patients with...
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The importance of the nutritional score in patients with the introduced PICC or Midline catheter
Pavelková, Kateřina ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Bratová, Andrea (referee)
The bachelor's thesis: "The Significance of Nutrition Score in the patients with the insertion of PICC and Midline Catheter," evaluates the impact of the nutrition status on the presence of complication in the selected venous devices - various types of Midline catheter and PICC. The presentation is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. In the theoretical part some basic information related to nutritional status and its assessment, malnutrition, nutrition screening, PICC and Midline catheter - indications and contraindications, introduction, complications and management is presented. The role of PICC team in the field of vascular access is mentionned. Data for the empirical part was collected at Medical department of the 2nd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Faculty hospital Motol in Prague, Czech Republic. The empirical part contains research methodology, the basic characteristics, the organisation of the investigation and data processing. A total of 206 patients participated in the follow-up, ranging in age from 26 to 98 years, mean age 72 ± 13.2 years and median 74 years. A quantitative exploratory method of a questionnaire survey was chosen for the bachelor's thesis. The above mentionned method monitors all variables that are sorted and measurable. Data related to the...
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Physiotherapy in patients with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Příkazká, Tereza ; Heřmanová, Ivona (advisor) ; Pianelli Jahodová, Ivana (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT First name and surname: Tereza Příkazká Supervisor: Mgr. Ivona Heřmanová Title of bachelor thesis: Physiotherapy in patients with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Abstract: The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. In the theory part, a literary research has been conducted, examining the general introduction of the topic. Later, this research is going deeper into themes such as aetiology, pathogenesis, classification and posibilities of the therapy which are individually dependent on the clinical aspect. The physiotherapy is the main agent of the conservative approach so the chosen physiotherapeutic approaches or concepts has been presented and later used in the practical part. Also, there was the elaboration of a case study of two probands with a venous form of TOS. The target of this was to influence the found pathology with adequately formed therapeutic unit. Then, the effectivity has been evaluated, which brought positive outcomes in the objective and subjective view. Tho following component was to create a prospectus with autotherapy. The discussion focused on the factors that contribute to the effectiveness of treatment, what is the cause of the disease and how to prevent this condition or prevent recurrence. The differential diagnosis and the consideration of arguments...
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Hyperkoagulační stavy v graviditě a jejich komplikace
KABELOVÁ, Kristýna
Hypercoagulable states occur when the process of hemostasis is disturbed. It manifests as a deep vein thrombosis or a pulmonary embolism. It is also one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. There are two factors- genetic and acquired. Inherent factors involve coagulation inhibitor deficiency, prothrombin gene mutation and activated protein C resistance. Acquired factors include antiphospolipid syndrome, pregnancy, overweight etc. The analytic part of the thesis is focused on the effect of a low molecular weight heparin. It was shown in many theses that the LMWH could have a negative impact on a parturition complications or a week of parturition, a birth weight. The results of statistical analysis show that there is a coherence between the week of parturition and the type of parturition. What is more, the anticoagulation drug therapy shows a positive effect on the week of parturion. The data used in the thesis originate in laboratory information management system of Clinical Haematology ward in the hospital Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s.
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Prevention thromboembolic disease in surgery
Konečná, Lenka ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis with the title "Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease" depicts a serious medical condition which may lead to death. Thromboembolic disease affects mostly patients after surgery. However, with proper prevention the risk of developing the disease decreases significantly. The main aim of the thesis is to find out who educates the patient and when (whether it is before or after the surgery). Furthermore, it focuses on nurses and their role in prevention of thromboembolic disease. It asks if nurses educate patients about the disease and the importance of prevention. In particular, it concentrates on the quality and quantity of patient education. It tries to find out whether nurses know what patient education in patients with this condition should include and whether they use any educational aids. In the empirical part of the thesis the author acquired data using a quantitative research method of a structured questionnaire. The survey included 128 respondents working in several intensive and non-intensive departments of the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital. A research survey showed that 83 (65.9%) nurses educate patients before surgery and there is no difference between length of practice and preoperative education on TEN prevention. Furthermore, 100 (78.7%) of the nurses check...
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Patients' awareness of prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
Buriánková, Hana ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Marie (referee)
Bachelor thesis 'Patients' awareness of Venous Thromboembolism prevention' focuses on one of the many major issues of general medicine, which may eventually take terminal course for the ill. As Venous Thromboembolism (further as TEN) is mostly a threat to patients after surgical intervention and the risk of its occurrence may be significantly mitigated through sound prevention, the aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out whether patients are duly acquainted with this disease and its prevention, enabling them to eliminate the associated risk. This thesis further investigates whether the patients are informed no later than before the surgery, who provides them with this information and it examines the level of overall nursing prevention. The research was performed on the basis of questionnaires filled in by patients of selected surgical departments in the Motol University Hospital.
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